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Learn Lojban

Dictionary

Contains phrases with examples of their possible usage.

Lesson 1. The language at a glance Alphabet The simplest sentence «.i» separates sentences Numbers: ‘1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0’ = «pa re ci vo mu xa ze bi so no»Compound relation ‘Yes/No’ questions Happiness and polite requests: ‘Yay!’ = «ui», ‘Please!’ = «.e'o»‘And’ and ‘or’«joi» is ‘and’ for mass actions But …Events: ‘dancing and being together’ — «le nu dansu .e le nu kansa»Modal terms. Simple tenses: ‘was’, ‘is’, ‘will be’ — «pu», «ca», «ba»Modal terms. Event contours: «co'a», «ca'o», «co'i»Modal terms. Intervals: ‘during’ — «ze'a»Modal terms. ‘because’ — «ri'a», ‘towards’ — «fa'a», ‘at (place)’ — «bu'u»Names. Choosing a name Rules for making le cmevla Relation words as names ‘he’ ‘she’Introducing yourself. Vocatives Lesson 2. More basic stuff Types of words Order of arguments More than two places Relations inside relations Why are relation words defined the way they are?General rules in the order of arguments Infinitives Types of places Raising Places inside arguments Relative clauses Short relative clauses. ‘About’«be» and «pe»‘Alice is a teacher’ and ‘Alice is the teacher’Relations with modal particles New arguments from slots of the same relation Changing other places in main relations Free word order: tags for roles in relations Prenex Arguments of existence ‘I have an arm.’ ‘I have a brother.’Scope Modal particles + «da» + arguments that start with numbers Generic arguments. ‘I like cats (in general)’. Sets Masses Numbers in places Lesson 3. Quoting. Questions. Interjections «sei»: comments to the text Quotation marks «zo» — quoting one word Content questions Number questions Verbs of facts Indirect questions Indirect quotations (reported speech): ‘I said that I would come.’Emotional interjections: ‘Yay!’ = «ui», ‘Aye!’ = «ie», ‘Phew!’ = «.o'u»Urging interjections «ko» for quicker urges Discursive interjections Structure of interjections: «nai», «sai», «pei», «dai»Just for reference: interjections in tables Combining interjections Forgot to put an interjection at the beginning?Lesson 4. Practice Colloquial expressions A simple dialogue Human senses «sipna» — ‘to sleep’, «sanji» — ‘to be aware’Emotions: «cmila» — ‘to laugh’, «cisma» — ‘to smile’Health Human body Kinship In the shop Shop, buildings Lesson 5. Modal terms, «da», their relative position How do modal terms refer to the relation?Using «ne» + term. «se mau» — ‘more than …’Comparisons: ‘equal’, ‘the same’The concept of ‘only’‘Most’, ‘many’ and ‘too much’‘never’ — «no roi», ‘always’ — «ro roi»‘for the first time’ — «pa re'u», ‘for the last time’ — «ro re'u»Modal particles: their location within a relation Joining statements with modals Existing things, ‘there are …’Topic and comment. «zo'u»‘any’ and ‘some’ in examples Resume: which constructs does scope affect?Lesson 6: modal terms: time and space Points in time and place Events relative to other events in time Distance in time and space Duration in time and space «pu'o» — ‘to be about’, «ba'o» — ‘no longer’, «za'o» — ‘still’, «xa'o» — ‘already’Stages of event Continuous and progressive events Place contours ‘to the left’, ‘to the right’Practice: position Practice: vehicles Enriching vocabulary. New words using tenses Lesson 7. Letters, referring to relations, dates Names of letters in Lojban Letters instead of ‘he’ and ‘she’Different ways of saying ‘we’ in Lojban «ri» instead of ‘he’ and ‘she’«go'i» for the previous relation Time of day Dates Specifying time intervals New verbs from one scale: ‘other than’ — «na'e», ‘anti-’ — «to'e»Complex modal terms: ‘because’ — «ki'u», ‘despite’ — «to'e ki'u nai»Lesson 8. Terms and math ‘Possibly can’, ‘have been’ and ‘haven't yet been’‘Plus’ and ‘minus’‘first — «pa moi», ‘second’ — «re moi», ‘last’ — «ro moi»«gau» — make them do it ‘Why?’ — «ri'a», «ni'i», «mu'i», «ki'u»‘So … that’‘If … then’«fau» and «da'i». ‘What if …’Probabilities Possibility implied in places of relations Lesson 9. Logical conjunctions Logical conjunctions for arguments Logical conjunctions for sentences Logical conjunctions inside compound relations Logical conjunctions for relation tails Terms in sentences with several tails Choice questions Forethought conjunctions Lesson 10. Structuring text «ju'a» and assertions «pe'a» for metaphors, «za'e» for nonce words, «ba'e» for emphasis Paragraphs and separating sentences «to» … «toi» for parenthetical remarks Fixing errors in speech Dealing with misunderstanding Reverse «mi» and «do» using «ra'o»Lesson 11. Trickier topics Know your first language too Four meanings of ‘you’ in English More about short relative clauses Quoting text in different languages Internal terms Compound relations in detail «co» for changing the order in compound relations Explicit termination of arguments Avoiding explicit termination Conversion from sets to masses Sets and subsets Lojban community Dictionary

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